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FEDERAL CHARACTER AND NATIONAL INTEGRATION: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS IN NIGERIA
Abstract
One fundamental problem confronting Nigeria is the perceived high level of inequality that has led to mutual suspicion, and marginalisation of minority ethnic nationalities in the country. This has militated against national integration and weakened the prospects of building a strong and united Nigeria. In an effort to address the problem, the federal government of Nigeria established the federal character commission in 1979. The essence of the commission is to integrate the 250 ethnic nationalities. Unfortunately, it has not been achieved; instead, the country is gradually disintegrating. Thus, this paper has analysed the practice of the federal character principles (FCP) in building a virile and united nation, challenges and prospects to chart a new course for national integration. The theoretical framework is based on ‘organic solidarity’ propounded by Emile Durkheim in 1968and applied the secondary data collection method. The results of the study tilt towards the need for a massive value re-orientation campaign and recommend that the 9th National Assembly should review the FCP and set performance targets for the commission in the areas of national integration. The implication for public policy is that the amendment of this section of the constitution would promote national integration.
Keyword: Federalism, inequality, national integration, nation building, value re-orientation.