EVALUATION OF SOLID AND LIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN UGHELLI MUNICIPAL COUNCIL
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EVALUATION OF SOLID AND LIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN UGHELLI MUNICIPAL COUNCIL
ABSTRACT:
This work gives an assessment of solid and liquid waste management in Ughelli municipal council. A hundred and twenty questionnaires were shared amongst residents of Ughelli municipal council. Interviews and surveys were also conducted.
Primary and secondary data were used the analysis. Both frequency distribution and regression analysis were used.
It was observed therefore that solid and liquid waste management has a significant effect on the environmental health status of every municipal council. It is recommended that government should invest more in solid and liquid waste management in municipal councils.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION**
1.1 Background to the Study
Solid and liquid waste management remains a significant environmental and public health challenge in many urban areas of Nigeria. Municipal waste consists of waste generated from households, markets, commercial centres, institutions, and industries, which requires systematic collection, treatment and disposal (Status of municipal solid waste… Nigeria, 2025). In Ughelli Municipal Council, Delta State, rapid population growth, urbanisation, and increased commercial activities have contributed to a rise in the volume of wastes generated daily. Households, markets, and commercial establishments produce food remains, plastic containers, paper materials, and other refuse that commonly litter major streets and neighbourhoods (Waste Disposal Problems and Management in Ughelli, 2025).
Studies show that a high proportion of municipal wastes in many Nigerian cities, including Ughelli, are disposed of through open dumping with limited involvement of formal waste management agencies (Status of municipal solid waste… Nigeria, 2025). In Ughelli, the predominant methods of solid waste disposal include open dumping, landfilling, and shallow burial, while liquid waste is often channeled into drains, open gutters, or nearby watercourses without adequate treatment, posing threats to environmental hygiene and health (Waste Disposal Problems and Management in Ughelli, 2025). The lack of structured waste management frameworks and facilities has therefore resulted in environmental degradation, blockage of drainage systems, flooding and increased incidence of illnesses such as malaria and typhoid in the metropolis (Waste Disposal Problems and Management in Ughelli, 2025).
Effective waste management is central to sustainable urban living and the realisation of public health objectives. Evaluating the current practices within Ughelli Municipal Council will identify gaps, challenges, and opportunities for improvement and provide insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and community members.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Although waste generation has increased due to urbanisation and socio-economic activities in Ughelli, waste management systems remain inadequate. Most households and businesses continue to dispose of solid waste indiscriminately along roadsides, in open spaces or water channels, leading to blocked drainage systems and environmental pollution (Waste Disposal Problems and Management in Ughelli, 2025). Government agencies responsible for waste management are limited in capacity, resulting in irregular collection schedules and limited enforcement of sanitation regulations (Status of municipal solid waste… Nigeria, 2025). Liquid waste disposal from domestic and commercial sources also contributes to contamination of surface and underground water bodies, with implications for public health. These practices reflect a critical gap between waste generation and effective management. If not properly addressed, this gap could exacerbate environmental and health challenges in the council area.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the solid and liquid waste management practices in Ughelli Municipal Council. The specific objectives are to:
Examine the current solid waste management practices adopted in Ughelli Municipal Council.
Assess the methods used for liquid waste disposal in the council area.
Identify the challenges associated with solid and liquid waste management in the area.
Determine the environmental and public health impacts of existing waste management practices.
Propose recommendations to enhance sustainable waste management in Ughelli Municipal Council.
1.4 Research Questions
This study will be guided by the following research questions:
What solid waste management practices are currently adopted in Ughelli Municipal Council?
What methods are used for liquid waste disposal in the study area?
What are the main challenges facing waste management in Ughelli?
What environmental and health impacts are associated with the current waste management practices?
What strategies can improve waste management practices in the council?
1.5 Significance of the Study
The findings of this study are valuable to several stakeholders:
Government agencies can use the findings to strengthen policy frameworks and infrastructure for waste management in Ughelli.
Environmental and public health practitioners will gain insights into how waste disposal practices affect community health and environmental quality.
Community members and NGOs can use the results to advocate for improved waste services and sanitation education.
Scholars and students interested in environmental management will find useful empirical information for further research.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This study focuses on solid and liquid waste management practices within Ughelli Municipal Council. It examines generation sources, types of wastes, methods of disposal, management challenges, and their environmental and health impacts. The research period covers contemporary waste management practices within the past five years.
1.7 Definition of Terms
Solid Waste: Unwanted or discarded non-liquid materials generated from households, markets, institutions, and industries (Status of municipal solid waste… Nigeria, 2025).
Liquid Waste: Wastewater or used water from domestic, commercial, and industrial sources that requires treatment or proper disposal.
Waste Management Practices: Activities involved in the collection, transport, treatment, and disposal of waste to protect public health and the environment.
Open Dumping: Disposal of solid waste in unregulated sites without environmental protection measures (Status of municipal solid waste… Nigeria, 2025).
Landfilling: A method of waste disposal where waste is spread and compacted in designated ground areas, sometimes with minimal cover.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study
- Statement of the Research Problem
- Objectives of the Study
- Significance of the Study
- Research Questions
- Research Hypothesis
- Conceptual and Operational Definition
- Assumptions
- Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- Sources of Literature
- The Review
- Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- Research Method
- Research Design
- Research Sample
- Measuring Instrument
- Data Collection
- Data Analysis
- Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
- Data Analysis
- Results
- Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- Summary
- Recommendations for Further Study
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