AN ASSESSMENT OF PROPERTY MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES IN THE SLUM AREAS OF ABUJA

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AN ASSESSMENT OF PROPERTY MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES IN THE SLUM AREAS OF ABUJA

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

Property management plays a critical role in ensuring the efficient use, maintenance, and sustainability of residential and commercial properties. It involves activities such as rent collection, maintenance coordination, tenant relations, and enforcement of lease terms (Oladokun, 2012). In urban centers, effective property management contributes to improved housing quality, stable rental income, and enhanced living conditions.

However, in many developing cities, the rapid growth of informal settlements and slum areas presents significant challenges to property management. Slums are characterized by overcrowding, inadequate infrastructure, insecure land tenure, poor housing quality, and limited access to basic services (UN-Habitat, 2016). Abuja, Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory (FCT), despite its planned urban structure, has experienced rapid population growth and the expansion of slum and squatter settlements such as Karimo, Nyanya, Jabi, and Mpape.

In these slum areas, property management is often informal and poorly regulated. Landlords and property managers face difficulties related to rent default, high tenant turnover, weak legal enforcement, and deteriorating building conditions (Omirin & Nubi, 2015). Tenants, on the other hand, experience insecurity of tenure, poor maintenance, and lack of basic amenities. These conditions undermine the performance of residential properties and the quality of life of residents.

Assessing property management challenges in the slum areas of Abuja is therefore important for understanding the operational, legal, financial, and social constraints affecting housing delivery. Such assessment can guide policy reforms, improve management practices, and support sustainable urban development (UN-Habitat, 2016).

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Despite Abuja’s status as a planned city, the proliferation of slum settlements has created complex property management problems. Many properties in these areas are managed informally without proper documentation, standard lease agreements, or professional oversight (Oladokun, 2012). This situation leads to rent arrears, poor maintenance, and frequent disputes between landlords and tenants.

Additionally, weak enforcement of housing and tenancy laws in slum areas limits the ability of property managers to address illegal occupation, overcrowding, and building code violations. Landlords often lack incentives to invest in maintenance due to low rental yields and high risks, while tenants are reluctant to report issues because of fear of eviction (Omirin & Nubi, 2015).

These challenges negatively affect residential property performance, safety, and sustainability. However, there is limited empirical research focusing specifically on property management issues in Abuja’s slum areas. Most studies address urban housing problems broadly without examining the unique management constraints of informal settlements. This study therefore seeks to fill this gap by assessing the key property management challenges in the slum areas of Abuja.

1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study

Aim:

The main aim of this study is to assess property management challenges in the slum areas of Abuja.

Objectives:

The specific objectives are to:

Identify the major property management practices in slum areas of Abuja.

Examine the challenges faced by landlords and property managers in these areas.

Assess the effects of these challenges on property condition and rental performance.

Evaluate tenant experiences and perceptions of property management in slum settlements.

Propose strategies for improving property management in Abuja’s slum areas.

1.4 Research Questions

What property management practices exist in the slum areas of Abuja?

What challenges do landlords and property managers face in these areas?

How do these challenges affect property maintenance and rental income?

What are tenants’ perceptions of property management in Abuja’s slum settlements?

What measures can improve property management in slum areas?

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study is significant to:

Property Managers and Landlords: by highlighting practical strategies for managing properties under informal and resource-constrained conditions (Oladokun, 2012).

Tenants and Residents: by promoting better living standards and housing security.

Urban Planners and Policy Makers: by providing evidence for slum upgrading and housing policy reforms (UN-Habitat, 2016).

Researchers and Students: by contributing to the literature on informal settlement management and urban housing.

1.6 Scope of the Study

The study focuses on residential properties in selected slum areas of Abuja, such as Mpape, Nyanya, Karimo, and Jabi. It examines management challenges related to rent collection, maintenance, legal issues, and tenant relations.

1.7 Operational Definition of Key Terms

Property Management: The administration and oversight of real estate to ensure its efficient use and maintenance.

Slum Areas: Urban settlements characterized by inadequate housing and poor access to basic services.

Landlord: The owner of a residential property.

Tenant: A person occupying a property under a rental agreement.

Residential Property Performance: The effectiveness of a property in achieving income, occupancy, and maintenance objectives.

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